Diodes Incorporated has introduced the automotive-qualified 80V ideal diode controllers, the AP74502Q and AP74502HQ, to simplify reverse polarity battery protection in modern automotive architectures, providing robust and reliable reverse connection and voltage transient protection.
These ideal diode controllers include all the features necessary to implement efficient and fast reverse polarity protection circuits and load disconnect functionality for overvoltage and undervoltage conditions. With 80V voltage capability, these devices are suitable for all 12V and 24V batteries, including those in hybrid and battery electric vehicles (EVs) and emerging 48V systems.
The transition to 48V systems can pave the way for electric vehicle innovation, enabling features such as electric turbocharging and improved regenerative braking. Higher voltages also facilitate advanced infotainment systems and electric auxiliary components, enabling regional architectures for more efficient power distribution and reduced wiring requirements. The ±80V rating of these devices is specifically tailored to the more stringent overvoltage stress conditions experienced in 48V systems.
Ideal diode controllers revolutionize power management by merging the efficiency of MOSFETs with intelligent control, enabling unprecedented energy savings and robustness. They are indispensable in automotive, industrial, and portable systems where reliability, thermal management, and miniaturization are critical. As power demands grow (e.g., EVs, 5G infrastructure), advancements like wide-band gate MOSFET integration will further solidify their role.
Unlike ideal diodes with reverse current blocking, these devices are designed for applications where energy may return to the input power supply. However, they can also be configured as surge stoppers, protecting the overvoltage power supply and downstream loads during unchecked load dump transients.
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The AP74502Q and AP74502HQ controllers also support input voltages as low as 3.2V, ensuring reliable operation even under severe cold-crank conditions, which can significantly reduce the battery voltage. Both devices have a peak gate turn-off sink current of 2.3A, enabling rapid shutdown of the external N-channel MOSFET when necessary, such as during overvoltage or undervoltage conditions.
With the charge pump enabled, the operating quiescent current (IQ) is 62µA, while in disabled mode it is 1µA. This significantly reduces overall system power consumption and minimizes battery drain.
The AP74502Q typically sources 60μA of peak gate current and features built-in inrush current control for smooth startup, benefiting applications where initial current surge limitation is crucial. The AP74502HQ, by contrast, boasts a higher peak gate source current of 11mA, similar to earlier Diodes ideal diode controllers. This stronger gate drive enables faster turn-on of the external MOSFET, typically within 1µs.
The AP74502Q and AP74502HQ are housed in an industry-standard SOT28 package and operate over a -40°C to +125°C temperature range.
Diodes Incorporated (Nasdaq: DIOD), a component of the S&P SmallCap 600 and Russell 3000 indices, is a leading global supplier of semiconductor solutions. The company focuses on providing high-quality products for the automotive, industrial, computing, consumer electronics, and communications markets. With its innovative combination of analog/discrete power solutions and advanced packaging technologies, combined with its special application customization capabilities and solution-oriented service model, and through its global engineering R&D, testing and manufacturing, and customer support network, it continues to provide high-growth market customers with high-volume production capabilities and high reliability guarantees, thereby establishing its position as a high-quality strategic partner.